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Having now interviewed several dozens of female clients near La Ceiba and Olanchito, I am getting a better picture of how rural Hondurans live and the struggles they face in getting ahead.  Offering microcredit and educational lessons in rural Honduras requires hard work. The credit officers meet with their assemblies every two weeks to offer education and visit their clients within their homes and businesses when they do not have assemblies scheduled. Because of the remote location of the majority of our clients, credit officers travel on motorcycles over the unpaved roads in the rural areas to get to them.

One of the most common small businesses women have is a pulpería, which can be as small as just selling sweets, snacks and soda or large enough to serve as a small local grocery store. Maria provides for her husband, daughter and a cousin with the earnings from her pulpería. Previously having access to much less capital, she has now been able to grow her shop bigger with loans from Adelante.

 

What a lot of women also tend to do is sell clothes, meaning they may have a shop in town or in their house or they may be simply selling door to door. However, due to the increased levels of insecurity and violence, some women have stopped selling door to door (this also accounts for food products) and now only sell from their homes. For example, Eda and Lorna have neighboring clothing stalls in the bus terminal and help each other out. One sells second hand adult clothing while the other sells second hand children’s clothing. Eda is really experienced with this type of business which she has had for 20 years in various places. Thanks to the growth that she has benefited from since starting with Adelante over two years ago, she is now able to provide for her son to study engineering at the university Lorna currently provides for her two daughters who are 11 and 14 years old and her husband, who normally works as a taxi driver but currently is not able to work. Eda and Lorna’s dream is to improve their earnings by merging them into one larger business.America has been with Adelante for several years, often taking breaks in which she does not take out loans. Why does she take breaks in between loan cycles?  ”Because business is not always so good.” When times have been good, America has expanded her business, ”Now, I would like to have display cases to sell jewelry and sandals.” Since her husband’s death, America has provided for her 15 year old daughter, who is in school and her 29 year old son who raises pigs. Both women have been able to expand their pulperías, increase their profits and also the loan sizes they have taken out. 


Then there are Siryi and Kenia, who buy clothes from shops in Olanchito, like those of Eda and Lorna, and sell them door to door in the rural areas. Both women are single mothers with two young daughters each and live in very poor conditions in rural Olanchito. They have just taken out their first loans with Adelante to be able to buy more clothes to sell in order to increase the small profits they make. As you can see Adelante’s small business loans help women at very different stages of their micro-enterprises - helping some start up and others expand their businesses.  However for each of these women, with a small amount of money and some business advice, they are able to make small but indispensable changes to their own, their families’ and their communities’ livelihoods

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Roatán receives thousands of tourists each year but the island’s largest peak season is now, with Semana Santa (Holy Week) having just passed. From Spring Breakers to retirees, foreign tourists flock to this island off the coast of La Ceiba in larger numbers to enjoy the beautiful beaches that the island has to offer. However, my trip two weeks ago as the peak season got underway served a different purpose.

The Roatán zone from our La Ceiba Branch Office currently serves over 300 clients, many of whom invest in businesses to serve the tourism industry, while many more run businesses serving the local communities. Despite the luxurious resorts offered to incoming guests, many locals continue to suffer in poverty. One such woman is Adeline.

Adeline is a proud and bold woman who raised eight children on her own and has had two grandsons, 12 and 13 years old, in her care since they were very young. The difficult economic situations she has faced prevented her from being able to learn to read and write and laments that there simply was not enough money to send her children to secondary school.

As a native to the island, Adeline is a native English speaker but also speaks Spanish. With greater migration into the island from mainland Honduras, Spanish is becoming more widely spoken there and many natives feel an amount of resentment toward this phenomenon. Because of this, Adeline and the other members of the group were thrilled to get a chance to have me there to chat in English.

I met Adeline while the Roatán Zone Credit Officer was working hard to get credit evaluations and other work done before the Semana Santa work holidays. These evaluations take place prior to each loan cycle to review the needs of each individual and their current economic situation.

While helping Orville with his credit evaluations, I arrived to the following standard question with Adeline, “Do you own your own home?” The answer I received was not what I had expected: “Well I did but three weeks ago it burned down.” Luckily no one had been at home when the fire started but she still has not been able to figure out the source of the fire. Where she lived, she did not have electricity, ruling out an electrical fire and did not have gas for her stove.

 

Until she is able to rebuild, Adeline has moved into the home of one of her six sons, about 15-20 minutes away along the unpaved road. She will continue working hard each day at her butcher shop in the market so that she can once again offer a home to her two grandsons, abandoned by their father.

Despite the various challenges faced by Adeline she continues to grow her business. With each loan cycle, she continues to take on larger amounts and pays back diligently, proving the success she has had within Adelante’s microlending model. Although she has a long way to go to make progress toward a new home, her loan history makes her eligible for our individual loan products. Once she begins rebuilding, Orville hopes to offer her with the support she needs to finish up the construction via a Home Improvement Loan.

I was personally amazed by how immediately Orville had responded to her tragedy in order to offer her hope for the future. Bringing our clients’ needs to the forefront and addressing how we can solve them is what we see as vital to successfully operating as a microfinance institution while fulfilling our social mission, and this is exactly what April being the Month of Microfinance is all about.

Her fellow Adelante borrowers also brought forth moral support, immediately displaying concern for what had happened. Adeline is very head strong and independent, which had originally made her reluctant to discuss the fire with her friends. However, the support from each of the women and from Adelante staff like Orville gave her enough confidence to open up and reminded her of just what it means to be part of a solidarity group.

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I recently visited a rural area outside the city of Choluteca where we are opening a new assembly. Three of our clients from an existing assembly recently moved to this area and currently must walk an hour in the blazing sun just to catch the bus that takes them to their assembly every two weeks. However, we are in the process of identifying new clients in the area to form the new assembly. This will not only give more women in this community the opportunity to become business owners, these three clients will no longer have to make this long walk every two weeks.

This colonia lacks electricity, running water and every other type of public infrastructure one could hope for. It is literally a field in the middle of a dusty, scorching-hot desert. But the community’s residents are happy to be here. The Mayor of the city of Choluteca arranged for the land to be donated to them and they are currently in the process of receiving Dominio Pleno, or title to their land. One client – Sarahí – explained to me how they rented the home they used to live in, “It was in much better condition, but this land is ours.” She told me how, little by little, she knows their living conditions will improve, and how she and her husband are excited to construct a better home once they have the resources to do so.

During my visit, Sarahí explained to me how her son, Ariel, had been sick for weeks with an intestinal infection. She says he used to be “gordito” but is now very thin. As a mother myself, it was hard for me to imagine how one would keep her children healthy in this environment. I thought of how many times a day I tell my children to “wash your hands!” Here, there was not a faucet in sight. Instead, there were two wells available for the community’s inhabitants to access water for their families. To provide for her children the best she can, Sarahí sells honey that her husband produces from his small apiary.

One of the most extreme examples of inadequate housing within this settlement was this home – constructed from cardboard boxes, plastic sheets and sticks. Although the conditions that these families live under are depressing, especially to readers who have not been exposed to this type of poverty, my intentions for sharing are not to make the reader feel bad. Meeting with these clients was wonderfully inspiring for me. I talked at length with Sarahí and the other women. Each woman I met was very expressive in her gratitude for the opportunity to become an independent business owner, and was filled with ambition to better support their families.

Egipcia and Rosa are two other clients in this area. Rosa runs a small convenience store from her home, while Egipcia makes and sells tortillas next door. As one of only two stores of its kind in the community, Rosa sees great potential in her business. Currently she pays about $1.25 every two weeks to charge a car battery which in turn powers two light bulbs for her home and business. Although this does not give her sufficient access to electricity, it is a start. Egipcia also has limited access to electricity and must depend on an inefficient wood stove which to make her tortillas. Her home fills with smoke as she makes her tortillas and she and her children are left to breathe in the contaminated air. Egipcia would be an excellent candidate for an eco-stove – a project that we hope to undertake soon.

These women and their families are pioneers in search of a better life. They are the epitome of the human spirit – full of life, love for their children and hope for the future. Our Choluteca staff’s dedication to our institutional mission as demonstrated by the initiative   to open this new assembly was inspiring to me; and I was humbled by the warm, welcoming smiles that we received from our clients. For me, this visit re-affirmed my commitment to our work and reminded me how truly important it is.

 

This blog post was written by Sophia Anderson, Adelante Foundation’s General Manager. She started working with Adelante as the International Development Coordinator in 2008 and was promoted to General Manager in 2010.

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In Honduras, the month of April has been named the month of African Heritage. The legislative decree 330-2002 calls for the celebration of the diverse character of the African cultures in Honduras. During April, we pay special attention to recognizing the richness of these cultures and their contribution to our national development. 

To speak of the Garinagu (the name of the Garífuna in their native language), you must also speak of the African continent from which, according to history and scholarly work, the Garinagu people’s ancestors originated. The ancestors of the Garinagu inhabited Sub-Saharan Africa and spoke various languages and dialects. They came from several tribes, each of which had its own chief and tribal name. Some of the most important tribes include the Mandinga, Kunta Kintei (The Supreme King), Kikuyu, Hausa and Yoruba, among others. 

Africans have traditionally identified themselves within the family. From birth to death they form a part of a clan, with several clans making up a tribe. These tribes base their beliefs and religions in one God, praying for the well-being of the tribe, good health for their people and fertile fields. They pray to invoke the spirits of their ancestors, from which the Buyei (the spiritual doctor according to Garífuna culture) comes forth. This figure continues to live on according to the Garinagu people. 

Our African ancestors were enslaved by English fiefdoms and were shipped to the island of Saint Vincent, the cradle of our civilization. Here, they fought a war to defend their land from the British and the French. According to scholars, the conflict lasted about 72 years between the Kalinagu and Europeans.

In Saint Vincent, the various tribes mixed among each other, from which the Garífuna were born, also known on the island as the Kalinagu. In 1795, after the murder of the legendary Kalinagu Chief Joseph Satuye, they were deported. Only a fraction of the Kalinagu population remained on Saint Vincent. On March 11, 1787 they left for Jamaica and arrived on March 21, ten days later. One-thousand died from various causes and 3,338 survived the voyage. 

This group then dispersed again with some arriving on April 12, 1797 to the island of Roatán off the Honduran coast. Roatán’s name comes from a phrase in Garífuna, “Ruba dan nun”, meaning “Give me time”, which they had said to a European. For this reason, the island was baptized as “Roatán”. After the arrival to Roatán they disbursed again throughout the mainland along the Caribbean, founding various communities and settlements.  

The struggles and suffering that the Garinagu have endured is clearly shown and it is for this reason that every year on April 12, we celebrate this day. Beyond celebration, we consider our recognition of the date as an effort to preserve the presence of the Garífuna in Honduras and Central America. The struggles of our people are also noted by the advances that our ethnic group has made within Honduras and the contributions that we have brought forth at the national and international levels. Little by little we have developed a base from which we continue to persevere. 

For the Garinagu who work at Adelante, it is of great pride to be Garífuna. The celebrations of April 12 give us incentive to keep working hard, as each year we see the advances we are making despite the difficulties our people have faced in Honduras since arriving 216 years ago. The Garinagu people of Honduras have been a vital aspect of the country’s socio-cultural development. Our contributions are particularly noted within sports, music and as of recently, politics. 

The Garífuna culture continues to live on through peaceful, yet not passive, traditions and ways of life. We play a key part in guiding the direction of Honduras. Every day we look toward the hopes of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.: that a day would come when all blacks would live in harmony with those of all different colors of skin, with the same rights, the same responsibilities and the same opportunities. This is the great yearning of the Garinagu of Honduras—to live in a country of opportunities, where we are not subject to prejudice or stigma for being Garífuna.

This article was originally written in Spanish by three Garífuna staff members: Celso Batíz, Jaime Guerrero and Dirkie Dolmo. Celso is the Tocoa Branch Office Supervisor, Jaime is the Iriona Zone Credit Officer and Dirkie heads our IT Department in La Ceiba. We appreciate the contributions that they make to our organization all year, but this month we give particular recognition to the valuable work that they bring forth each day. 

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Happy Month of Microfinance! The month of April is being dedicated to client-centered microfinance models. This movement seeks a dialog across various actors so that microfinance institutions like Adelante can provide more effective microfinance services that are focused on the client rather than profit.

We are happy to be featured on Month of Microfinance’s website with an Autobiography of Microfinance written by our very own Orville José Sanchez. Orville currently  serves the Roatán zone of the La Ceiba Branch Office and is also featured in our most recent blog post, A Tragic Fire in Roatán with his client Adeline. Click the link here to read Orville’s autobiography: http://monthofmicrofinance.org/2013/04/15/viewing-microfinance-through-a-social-lens/

From all of us at Adelante, Happy Month of Microfinance!

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